نشریه امنیت ملی
پیاپی 47 (بهار 1402)

Organizations, centers and scientific and research institutions of different countries have provided various definitions for cyberspace and its main elements; The existence of relatively diverse definitions in our country has caused ambiguity, weak common language, complexity and inconsistencies in policy-making, planning and development of cyberspace and cyberspace security.The present study was conducted with the aim of typology of the concept and main elements of cyberspace in the strategic documents of cyber security of countries. First, the evolution of different definitions of cyberspace from the perspective of global thinkers is reviewed, and then in this article, 39 national strategy (cyber security) documents from 34 countries, published during the last ten years from 2009 to 2019, are examined. Is. And with a qualitative approach and based on the method of content analysis, the main concepts and elements of cyberspace in these documents have been studied and extracted. As a result, 5 different types of concepts and four main elements of cyberspace have been extracted from these documents. Different are grouped according to this typology.Based on the findings of this study, the four main elements of cyberspace include equipment, data, maps and operations, and 5 types of concepts extracted from these 39 documents are: cyberspace as an information and communication infrastructure, space Cyber as an information, communication and data infrastructure, cyberspace as a set of equipment, data and people, cyberspace as a set of equipment, data and operations, space Cyber as a comprehensive set of equipment, data, people and operations.

Identifying and analyzing trends affecting the future of crime and strategies for crime preventionThe increase in crime, the emergence of new forms of crime, the use of new measures in crime and the rapid advancement of technology have led to the expansion of criminal activities in the last decade and at the same time, increased feelings of insecurity and fear in society. Therefore, the need for a correct understanding and sufficient knowledge of the direction of crime trends in the future is quite obvious.This research has looked at the field of crime with a trend analysis approach. Based on this approach, identifying and analyzing crime formation trends in the future will greatly help managers and planners to identify ways to deal with and develop crime prevention methods.In this study and 6 drivers affecting future crimes and 22 global trends affecting future crimes in 5 categories along with their consequences are identified, extracted and reviewed in a panel of experts consisting of 5 people and the titles of each trend were approved. Also, 7 main trends in future crimes are identified and validated during interviews with experts. Content analysis is performed on the results of the interview and explained in the form of a trend analysis report. Finally, based on these identified trends, 10 strategies are presented to prevent crime.

The Spatial Expansion of the metropolitan area of Tehran has taken place in recent decades with an accelerated speed and a heterogeneous character. With this approach, the aim of the current research is to analyze the challenges of the metropolitan area of Tehran with the approach of national security and its explanatory-analytical implementation method. In this research, five types of challenges include informal settlements; annexation, integration and depopulation of the village; land use change; Centralization and rapid and heterogeneous urbanization were explained and it was found that the challenges under the influence of two factors threaten national security; The first factor is related to the national nature of the metropolitan area of Tehran and the second factor is related to the anti-security nature of the challenges.The results show that physical-spatial challenges play an effective role in threatening national security, but their effectiveness is different. The challenge of informal settlements has the greatest impact on national security, and the challenge of annexation, integration and depopulation of villages poses the least threat to national security among the examined challenges. The most important result obtained from the research is a challenging and security look at the Spatial Expansion model in the metropolitan area of Tehran and finding new windows from the concept of security of Spatial Expansion issues. In other words, space development has been considered as the origin of processes that threaten national security, but they have been neglected in the view of security officials in many cases.

Investigating the common mental disorders in those who tend to sects and paying attention to these disorders in the planning of rehabilitation and reformation and also preventing the tendency to these sects is of particular importance. The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 113 people were selected from those who were inclined to join the cult, and finally 100 people answered the demographic information questionnaire and the short form of the Minnesota Multifaceted Personality Questionnaire. The interpretation of people's profiles has been done in two ways: the highest elevation and T scores above 65. According to the findings of this research, 77% of those who were inclined to sects had at least one type of exaltation scale. Based on T scores higher than 65, depressive disorders, self-morbidity, and hysteria were the most common disorders among cultists. Based on the obtained results, a model was presented to reduce sectarianism, which was validated using the fuzzy Delphi technique. The general results of this research indicated the effectiveness of the strategies of setting up cult therapy clinics, rehabilitation programs through the organization of prisons and correctional centers, as well as public education programs, in reducing sectarianism.

Human society has passed through three industrial revolutions: steam, electricity, and information technology. It will reach its peak of influence and, like the previous industrial revolutions; the winners of this era will be the dominant powers of the future world. This revolution, which is the result of the integration of biological, physical and digital technologies, can achieve national security at the individual and social, national and international levels by influencing the systems of governance, economic, social, educational and industrial systems. In its various dimensions (military, political, economic, cultural and environmental) to create dramatic changes in human society. In this study, we studied the global trends of these technologies, opinions of experts and published international documents and researches, calculated the main consequences of this technological revolution, and then held two meetings with experts in the field of technology in defense and security departments. we have identified the different dimensions and levels of the consequences and effects of these technologies on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and we have evaluated and validated the questionnaire designed by the research team. At the end of the questionnaire, a questionnaire was administered to 30 technology activists working in the defense and security sectors, and they approved the various parts of the conceptual model of the research.

The special attention and emphasis of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution in naming economic issues in recent years has doubled the importance of economic security in ensuring national interests and security. It is necessary to take fundamental steps towards the realization of His Holiness's targeted orientations. The purpose of this study was to identify the requirements affecting the provision of economic security in the context of knowledge-based production.This research is applied in terms of practical result and in qualitative method using documentary review and The Semi-structured interview was conducted in 1400 . Its statistical population is managers and experts working in economic security police and knowledge-based companies active in the field of law enforcement security products. In this study, purposive sampling was performed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 related experts until theoretical saturation and in order to analyze the statistical analysis, structural analysis method and through coding, its validity with Lincoln assessment method and validity and validity of the agreement on , in the end, the prioritization of effective requirements on economic security was applied using the friedman test.respectively.Behavioral requirements include "providing psychosocial security, creating and strengthening a culture of resistance to production, strengthening professional skills of production and access to production resources", structural requirements including "integrated and synergistic communication, processes of production, systems and institutions of production "Facilitating policies and laws" and environmental requirements have included "managing peripheral threats, the need for economic diplomacy, and strengthening and supporting international relations and interactions."

Iran has always been the habitat of ethnic groups with different cultures, so the preservation and continuation of social cohesion and national unity as a goal, has been considered by various communities. What causes ethnic divergence is the lack of equal distribution of opportunities and social opportunities, which leads to the emergence of feelings of discrimination. The aim of this study was to determine the level of cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of national and national dimensions of collective identity of Kurdish youth in Kermanj, North Khorasan and to determine the role of ethnic discrimination, including distributive, procedural and interactive in each of these dimensions in 1399. The sample size of the study was 384 people based on Krigey and Morgan table. Findings showed that the feeling of discrimination has the most negative impact on religious identity and then national identity in all three aspects of cognitive, behavioral and emotional and has the least impact on class identity. The interactive has the most impact Because the interactive dimension of ethnic discrimination is influenced by distributive and procedural discrimination, equitable distribution, equal distribution of opportunities, and decision-making seem essential to strengthen collective identity.